Battery-powered vessels have recently entered the shipping business in applications with short ferry crossings or hybrid installations. Continuous rapid development of battery performance and cost, along with its inherently superior well-to-wake efficiency, begs the question as to what needs to happen with battery cost and performance to make them viable for deep sea shipping. This presentation will offer a study that tries to address these questions by identifying barriers, gaps and required development; operational issues and relevant vessels; charging infrastructure and potential WTW impact of battery-powered vessels.

This presentation will unpick the questions which arise about the drivers of technological progress towards decarbonisation in the marine sector. Are they pulled along by demand from ship owners or pushed forward by equipment manufacturers? What are the implications of either approach? Which would be best and should either do more of the same, less or something entirely different? Elias Boletis is uniquely placed to provide insight into these questions. He is responsible for the CIMAC Working Group 10 ‘End Users’. These are primarily ship owners and provides a link between the ship owners and the equipment manufacturers for the marine sector.

Modern ship powertrain designs are integrating shaft generators, fuel cells, and batteries to enhance energy efficiency and reduce CO2 emissions. However, due to the diversity of vessel characteristics, a universally best-performing design is not conceivable. Instead, different technologies, each with their unique efficiency characteristics and operational limitations, are favored, also necessitating tailored system control strategies. Lukas Kistner introduces an early-stage modular energy management approach aimed at operational efficiency and flexibility, which can be used for model-based system design optimization tasks.

The variety of ships using batteries keeps growing, as does the number of maritime battery suppliers, battery technologies and chemistries. The development of several types of maritime battery systems, for diverse types of applications, improved battery performance and lower battery prices present challenges that must be properly identified, understood, and mitigated. As an industry leader in maritime battery projects for newbuild and refit, Foreship will provide a uniquely independent perspective of the design process, whole ship integration challenges, opportunities, and requirements for systems across a range of ship types, applications, and technologies.

This presentation will share the experience from integrating a fuel cell – designed originally for trucks – with batteries in an aquaculture service vessel built by Moen Marin. It is the first time that a high-effect fuel cell has been fully integrated with a large liquid-cooled MNC battery system for the aquaculture sector. The project is part of the Norwegian Pilot E program. We will also describe how the project is integrated into an operational infrastructure concept, accessing FC hydrogen but also electricity through ZEM's compact powerbank charging containers with 550-800kWh battery capacity.

A maritime consortium dedicated to 'methanol as an energy step toward zero-emission', is prioritizing comprehensive research on a full DC grid development. The innovative system employs a model-based engineering approach, emphasizing requirement traceability to seamlessly integrate future components. Focusing on a yacht use case, the implementation of a decentralized DC propulsion switchboard promises significant reductions in weight and energy loss. Incorporating a secondary DC grid is equally essential for maximizing efficiency, volume and weight.

Shipowners need cleaner, smarter fleets to be competitive. Their ship systems need to have clear advantages through emerging technology for situational awareness; be flexible for lifecycle technology insertion; be efficient, available and sustainable; manage costs and risks through sensing, automation and controls; be able to operate with less or no human intervention; and enable communication. This presentation will look at enabling lifecycle performance through the ship’s electric grid and will show how electrification enables the efficiency and connectivity of systems in vessel networks, the electric network trends in hosting more sustainable solutions and enhanced automation over life and the impact on the vessel lifecycle from availability to decarbonization. The presentation will also offer a truly innovative and groundbreaking concept of an electric drivetrain technology, combining an electrical rotating machine and associated power electronics.

Hydrogen fuel cells undoubtedly play a part in the future of marine power. The use of hydrogen, or its derivatives, is one of the few options for sustainable operation satisfying such energy-intense requirements. However, the skill sets and technologies to integrate these systems into maritime’s demanding environments are limited. The cost of developing bespoke fuel cell systems specifically for marine is prohibitive; a new approach, relying on the successful transition of products created for a broad range of sectors, must be deployed. This presentation will provide examples and insights into some of the challenges, innovations and opportunities arising on this journey.

Bigger battery systems are being installed on vessels all over the world, which is good. But can we be sure that the potential short circuits behind these huge energy sources are controlled or have even been considered? Solutions have been developed that reduce the potentially high short-circuit levels in marine applications to a level that even the smallest converters can handle. This presentation will discuss the potential short-circuit levels of different battery chemistries and how to reduce the energy introduced to a short circuit to only a small percentage of the energy that looms behind, with a short-circuit current limiter.

This presentation will focus on the threats and barriers that must be considered to make a safe battery installation on a ship. It will address the latest DNV class rules for EES systems and the new DNV class guideline 'Safety philosophy for EES systems'.

The battery industry is continually looking for the next breakthrough in energy density and cost advantage. However, in the marine sector we also need to concentrate on safety. This presentation shows the path to higher energy densities, new chemistries on the horizon, probable pricing and the timelines to get there.

Meeting the unique demands of design, performance, sustainability and safety is an ongoing challenge for the marine battery industry. This presentation describes principles and practices for ensuring the optimal performance of batteries and compliance with safety requirements. It argues that immersion cooling technology, implemented for the marine sector, not only provides the required power but also contributes to advanced safety features. This presentation will explore a mechanical test program that is going beyond marine standards (e.g. DNV) and stems from battery development for powerboat racing.

Nickel-manganese-cobalt (NMC) and lithium titanate oxide (LTO) batteries have emerged as frontrunners in marine energy storage solutions. Despite their potential, they suffer from calendar life degradation. This not only undermines battery efficiency but prompts operators to preemptively oversize installations. This inflates costs and environmental impacts. The assumption that excess capacity will offset the inevitable decline, however, overlooks critical factors like the effects of intermittent charging, depth of discharge preferences and temperature variations, which collectively can lead to premature capacity loss, thereby nullifying the perceived safety net of oversizing. A paradigm shift is warranted in marine battery sizing: from a conservative stance to an informed, analytical one. Emphasizing the intricacies of calendar life and the factors affecting it allows for a balanced solution that promotes both economic and environmental sustainability. This presentation invites the maritime industry to embrace a strategy that enhances the long-term viability and performance of marine energy storage systems.

This presentation is a case study of the P-12 Shuttle, which consumes about one-tenth the energy of a conventional ship, making it the most energy-efficient fast ship ever built. It can operate in urban waterways at higher speeds than traditional passenger boats because it creates virtually no wake. Higher service speeds will allow the shuttling of more passengers farther and faster than any other electric ship, thereby offering a cost-effective, holistic solution that allows for a paradigm shift in waterborne public transportation and fosters a better integration into public transportation systems.

This case study is of an innovative, fully electric hydrofoiling vessel, which can revolutionize commercial maritime operations including ferries, water taxis and tourism. A technical description of a fully hydrofoiling system will be presented, focusing on its significant reduction in water resistance and energy efficiency over traditional vessels. Real-world performance data will be discussed alongside case studies of example routes. Additionally, conceptual designs and performance of larger vessels will be presented.

New fuels, such as ammonia and methanol are on the rise, but they will cost more and require specialised storage and delivery systems whilst having a lower power density than traditional fuel. This presentation will explain how hybridisation supports the transition to future fuels including - improving load management and efficiency to save fuel.

This presentation will describe the development and testing of a modular, marine-certifiable, 375kW, multi-stack fuel cell system that can be integrated into a multi-MW power system. The development is part of the 'sustainable HYdrogen powered Shipping' (sHYpS) project. The prototype modules will have been built by June 2024 and will be undergoing development testing. This presentation will provide an update on the progress of the fuel cell system development, highlighting some of the key innovations and challenges overcome with a view to future applications and markets.

Liquid organic hydrogen carriers (LOHC) are organic compounds that can absorb and release hydrogen through chemical reactions. These compounds serve as storage media for hydrogen. LOHC technology therefore adds a new way of handling hydrogen on board ships. Instead of using compressed or liquid hydrogen, hydrogen is chemically bound to a carrier oil. This oil can be used to store and transport large amounts of hydrogen safely within existing fossil fuel infrastructure. With our ongoing projects we aim to develop a commercial LOHC power system that can utilize hydrogen as a power source on board ships in the safest way possible.

This presentation provides a review of actual regulation for the application of hydrogen as an alternative shipping fuel. Current work at IMO and IACS is briefly outlined. Available guidance and rules are commented upon bearing in mind various types of ships and propulsion concepts. The potential influence of hybrid propulsion solutions on ship design and the related risks are reviewed.

There has been a significant growth in the uptake of Wind-Assisted Propulsion (WAP) to address the challenge of the IMO’s CII targets. Interest in energy saving technologies (EST) such as WAP will grow as the CII targets become more stringent. The cost of alternative fuels remains high and there are constant commercial pressures to keep operating costs down. A Techno-Economic Assessment (TEA) of the ship fit of a WAP solution to a bulker is presented. It identifies the key cost items and shows how future carbon taxes may help with making the balance tilt to a more economically attractive solution.

This presentation will provide an overview of the distribution of fuels in current ship building. Using the Pa-X-ell2 research project for reference, it proposes that pure hydrogen as an energy storage solution is not viable for most maritime segments looking at volumetric energy density and fuel handling as key criteria, and argues instead for a renewable methanol circular economy with on-board fuel reformation.

This presentation is by the consortium partners of Project ZEPHR and will describe the project, which is funded through the UK government's ZEVI (Zero Emission Vessel and Infrastructure) competition. The project encompasses the design, manufacture and operation of a green-hydrogen-fueled uncrewed surface vessel (USV), to be operated on the River Thames in London, and includes local green hydrogen production and storage.

This presentation will describe the installation of the world's first dual-purpose MW charger with MCS connector in Amsterdam at the end of Q1 2024. This is a game-changer for inland shipping as this technology provides fast on-the-go charging capabilities. This will also provide additional flexibility to the battery-swapping barges. With its dual purpose, it will also serve as a high-utilization charger for terminals along the inland waterways where they serve customers from both modes.

This presentation will outline the strategy and vision of a port authority in the development of clean shipping and ask what role a port authority can play. Relevant topics are OPS, the development of bunker facilities for bio- and e-fuels, and how, as a port authority, you get your own fleet to zero emissions.

Funded by Nordic Innovation, the MAREN project has brought leading industry partners and Nordic research institutions together to accelerate maritime decarbonization. The project's overall objective involves delivering practical tools for maritime energy transition, and it addresses the need for coordinated action across borders and industries in the region. By creating a Nordic maritime energy program for knowledge-sharing on new insights into sustainable energy in addition to a digital platform for cross-industrial innovation, project partners have outlined a Nordic strategy for maritime energy transition. This presentation focuses on key deliverables and findings, highlighting Nordic strongholds and leadership.

This presentation will describe how a full-service provider approach can assist port authorities in accelerating their shore power rollout. It will offer a dynamic joint venture between the Port of Rotterdam and Eneco as a case study of how this approach can work.

This presentation will share a case study on an archetypical four-tug shore-base terminal, focusing on the operational characteristics and requirements of such a marine operation and how that interfaces with the port infrastructure.

This presentation will offer attendees an overview of FLEXSHIP, an EU funded concept project consortium representing a multidisciplinary group composed of 16 partners from 9 countries including the UK. The project is aimed at the electrification of vessels by optimizing large battery electric power systems within fully battery electric and hybrid ships. The overall goal of FLEXSHIP is to develop and validate safe and reliable, flexible, modular, and scalable solutions for electrification of the waterborne sector. This includes the reliable design and development of modular battery packs; safe on-board integration; optimal design of EMS to maximize the operational flexibility and energy efficiency, and smart control for improved lifetime of the battery system and critical power components.

There is substantial pressure for the offshore wind industry to decarbonize maintenance vessels because, once operational, they are the largest source of CO2 emissions for offshore wind farms. This presentation describes a marinized offshore charging solution designed for wind farm maintenance vessels to enable their transition to electrical propulsion by providing in-field charging.

This presentation will review an offshore charging solution backed by a major shipping company and designed to eliminate offshore vessel emissions and facilitate clean offshore charging across the maritime sector.

This presentation describes an innovative battery charging solution for offshore use on board vessels working in offshore wind. In March 2024, the solution was tested in full scale in the North Sea by the SOV Rem Power, demonstrating that it is fully feasible to charge large battery-powered vessels in an open-water environment. The presentation will present the findings and experiences from the tests, the challenges and how they were solved, as well as the supporting activities of the project.

Liberty Lines operates a fleet of 30 high-speed passenger craft, providing a fast and reliable ferry service for more than three million passengers annually between mainland Italy, Croatia, Slovenia and the Sicilian islands of Egadi, Pantelleria, Pelagie and Ustica, and in the UNESCO World Heritage-listed Aeolian islands. In 2021, Liberty Lines embarked on a plan to renew its entire fleet of high-speed ferries while aiming to minimize the environmental impact of its operations. The operations demand the carrying of 250 passengers per ferry at a cruising speed of at least 28kts. Some of the longer crossings are nearly 100 nautical miles, and therefore propulsion solutions based on pure batteries or hydrogen were concluded to be not technically feasible. Liberty Lines contracted for 12 new vessels, the first to obtain RINA Green Plus classification. They will navigate in fully electric mode near ports and will then be able to recharge their batteries in the open sea. During long periods of stopover, the ships will use cold ironing to recharge the batteries and keep all the onboard services active to help lower the CO2 footprint. This presentation will provide a more detailed overview of this exciting project.

This presentation will provide a case study of the first commercial ferry fueled by liquid hydrogen and powered by the only fuel cell module with type approval from DNV and Lloyd’s Register. The ferry is already sailing in Norway, and more ships, including the first hydrogen inland vessel, will launch in early 2024. However, the industry is taking action to meet its decarbonization targets – not only on water but also at ports. So, in addition to sea operations, industry is also paying increasing attention to emissions produced by ships at berth and from port handling equipment. In this presentation you will learn about zero-emission fuel cell solutions and experiences.

This presentation will offer a case study of a 20m zero-emission fishing vessel for a French maritime school in Corsica making use of hydrogen fuel cells.

This presentation is of the integration of a hydrogen system for electric power generation (propulsion + hotel load). It covers the storage and distribution of a hydrogen power module using two case studies. The first is a hybrid 28m CTV for windfarm offshore service, reviewing the profile of use, consumption, etc. The second is a full H2 multiservice workboat vessel with the regulations and norms applied. A comparison with battery and conventional full diesel CTV versions will be offered.

It is estimated that 150+ SOVs will be required in Europe by 2050, representing 1.05mT of CO2 emissions each year and a potential financial liability of US$2.5m per vessel over its lifespan. Following the award of UK government ZEVI (Zero Emission Vessel and Infrastructure competition) funding, a consortium of partners has been formed to develop the world's first electric service operation vessel (eSOV), with a methanol range extender – dual-fuel hybrid. This vessel has the potential for 100% battery operation, equating to a true net zero operation.

The emissions profile and electrification promise for in-shore vessels in the 30-50 feet range are often overlooked. Smaller operators often find it difficult to understand the costs and likely benefits. Glas Ocean Electric has collaborated with BAE to create a solution to simplify the transition from diesel to hybrid electric on vessels under 50 feet. This presentation offers a case study of the impacts on fuel usage, cost-to-operate, emissions and operator well-being on a 30-foot Cape Island-style fishing boat. It goes on to explore the possible application for a hybrid system on a day of lobster fishing and discusses the application of findings in the broader aspect of the many, often unregulated, small watercraft used for in-shore and near-shore fishing.

This presentation will offer two examples of how digital twin technology has been used by two leading companies to drive innovation in the marine industry. It will explain the fundamentals of the technique and go on to present two case studies to provide practical examples.